Also, use a 220Ω resistor between the switch and base terminal.10kΩ resistor will limit the current below the forward current requires to turn on an LED.

If you use 10kΩ LED will not glow when you turn on the switch due to low current passing through the LED.By mistake, 10kΩ used as a current limiting resistor with an LED. Connect an LED with an emitter terminal through a 220-ohm resistor.

5 volts with collector terminal through 220ohm resistor. In this example circuit, we attach a push-button with a base terminal. After that, we will see an example of controlling a dc motor with Arduino Uno. First, we will see an example of a simple LED controlling example with a switch. In this section, we will discuss some examples using this NPN transistor. Current, voltage and power can be easily amplified by using these configuration modes. Similarly in the amplification application, it can be connected in three configurations such as common emitter, common collector and common base.

A current limiting resistor is also in the circuit for limiting the base current because it could be damaged the transistor if the source current is greater than 5mA.

Similarly in the cut-off region, no current flows from emitter to collector then it acts as a turn off the switch.

Therefore the user cannot connect the load whose current is greater than 800mA

In saturation region full current flows from emitter to a collector that’s range is 110 to 800mA and in this condition, it acts as a turn on a switch.

In switching application it works in two regions such as saturation and cut off region

Therefore, it could be used in that application such as switching and amplifications where BC547 transistor has been using.

But the only difference between them is the continuous collector current and total power dissipation of this transistor.

This 2N2222 NPN transistor has almost the same technical specifications as BC547 NPN transistor.

2n2222 transistor download